Adjusted Cox choices demonstrated that patients initiating treatment between 2005 and 2010 (vs. a year on treatment. Outcomes 1000 nine hundred and sixty-four (10%) substitutions happened amongst 19,699 individuals. Excluding 2004 (yr of treatment roll-out), before 2010 one-year single-drug substitutions ranged from 10.0 to 13.1%. In 2011, well after integration of tenofovir, substitutions reduced to 5.6%. Single-drug substitution was most affordable amongst individuals on tenofovir (5.1%) versus zidovudine (11.3%), 30 mg stavudine (10.5%) or 40 mg stavudine (14.4%). Modified Cox models demonstrated that individuals initiating treatment between 2005 and 2010 (vs. 2011) had a twofold improved risk of single-drug substitution, while those on zidovudine or stavudine had a two to threefold upsurge in single-drug substitution versus tenofovir individuals in the 1st a year on ART. Conclusions The decrease in single-drug substitutions can be from the intro of tenofovir. Tenofovir make use of could improve routine treatment and durability results in resource-limited configurations. (n=1434)n (%) /th th align=”middle” rowspan=”1″ colspan=”1″ 2005 br / (n=2065) br / n (%) /th th align=”middle” rowspan=”1″ colspan=”1″ 2006 br / (n=2696) br / n (%) /th th align=”middle” rowspan=”1″ colspan=”1″ 2007 br / (n=2513) br / n (%) /th th align=”middle” rowspan=”1″ colspan=”1″ 2008 br / (n=2250) br / n (%) /th th align=”middle” rowspan=”1″ colspan=”1″ 2009 br / (n=2877) br / n (%) /th th align=”middle” rowspan=”1″ colspan=”1″ 2010 br / (n=2927) br / n (%) /th th align=”middle” rowspan=”1″ colspan=”1″ 2011 br / (n=2937) br / n (%) /th th align=”middle” rowspan=”1″ colspan=”1″ Total br / (n=19699) br / n (%) /th /thead Routine foundation?Tenofovir*0 (0.0)0 (0.0)0 (0.0)0 (0.0)0 (0.0)0 (0.0)1765 (60.3)2564 (87.3)4329 (22.0)?Zidovudine**49 (3.4)101 RU 24969 hemisuccinate (4.9)145 (5.4)155 (6.2)197 (8.8)164 (5.7)95 (3.3)109 (3.7)1015 (5.2)?Stavudine (30 mg)**683 (47.6)1140 (55.2)1634 (60.6)1819 (72.4)2012 (89.4)2707 (94.1)1066 (36.4)264 (9.0)11325 (57.5)?Stavudine (40 mg)**702 RU 24969 hemisuccinate (49.0)824 (39.9)917 (34.0)539 (21.5)41 (1.8)6 (0.2)1 (0.03)0.0 (0.0)3030 (15.4)Non-nucleoside opposite transcriptase inhibitor?Nevirapine155 (10.8)213 (10.3)289 (10.7)242 (9.6)236 (10.5)294 (10.2)243 (8.3)252 (8.6)1924 (9.8)?Efavirenz1279 (89.2)1852 (89.7)2407 (89.3)2271 (90.4)2014 (89.5)2583 (89.8)2684 (91.7)2685 (91.4)17775 (90.2)Gender?Woman971 (67.7)1345 (65.1)1639 (60.8)1556 (61.9)1407 (62.5)1706 (59.3)1850 (63.2)1722 (58.6)12196 (61.9)?Male463 (32.3)720 (34.9)1057 (39.2)957 (38.1)843 (37.5)1171 (40.7)1077 (63.8)1215 (41.4)7503 (38.1)Age group (years)18C24.953 (3.7)96 (4.7)147 (5.5)126 (5.0)111 (4.9)109 (3.8)143 (5.0)145 (4.9)930 (4.7)?25C29.9248 (17.3)345 (16.7)398 (14.8)389 (15.5)321 (14.3)409 (14.2)415 (14.2)396 (13.5)2921 (14.8)?30C39.9683 (47.6)1008 (48.8)1276 (47.3)1188 (47.3)1012 (45.0)1238 (42.0)1250 (42.7)1175 (40.0)8830 (44.8)?40C49.9327 (22.8)474 (23.0)646 (24.0)607 (24.2)579 (25.7)797 (27.7)774 (26.4)831 (28.3)5035 (25.6)?50123 (8.6)142 (6.9)229 (8.5)203 (8.1)227 (10.1)324 (11.3)345 (11.8)390 (13.3)1983 (10.1)Age group at Artwork initiation median (IQR) 35.7 (30.9C42.0) 35.4 (30.8C41.5) 36.0 (31.2C42.2) 36.0 (31.0C42.1) 37.0 (31.6C43.5) 37.4 (32.0C44.4) 37.1 RU 24969 hemisuccinate (31.5C43.9) 37.8 (31.7C44.8) 36.6 (31.3C43.2)Compact disc4 at Artwork initiation?0C49 cells/mm3 RU 24969 hemisuccinate 494 (34.5)699 (33.9)966 (35.8)836 (33.3)704 (31.3)704 (24.5)682 (23.3)602 (20.5)5687 (28.9)?50C99 cells/mm3 387 (27.0)424 (20.5)555 (20.6)497 (19.8)405 (18.0)535 (18.6)514 (17.6)448 (15.3)3765 (19.1)?100C199 cells/mm3 441 (30.8)710 (34.4)852 (31.6)859 (34.2)804 (35.7)989 (34.4)991 (33.9)952 (31.4)6598 (33.5)?200 cells/mm3 112 (7.8)232 (11.2)323 (12.0)321 (12.8)337 (15.0)649 (22.6)740 (25.3)935 (31.8)3649 (18.5)Compact disc4 at Artwork initiation (cells/mm3) median (IQR) 77 (35C138) 89 (34C157) 82.2 (28.5C159) 91 (33C160) 101 (37C171) 119 (59C192) 124 (54.9C201) 146 (64C225) 105 (40C179)Who have stage at Artwork initiation?We/II836 (58.3)1097 (53.1)1399 (51.9)1498 (95.6)1374 (61.1)2011 (69.9)1979 (67.6)2165 (73.7)12359 (62.7)?III537 (37.5)852 (41.3)1063 (39.4)780 (31.0)713 (31.7)681 (23.7)761 (26.0)582 (19.8)5969 (30.3)?IV61 (4.3)116 (5.6)234 (8.7)235 RU 24969 hemisuccinate (9.4)163 (7.2)185 (6.4)187 (6.4)190 (6.5)1371 (7.0)Tuberculosis in Artwork initiation?Yes180 (12.6)423 (20.5)511 (19.0)326 (13.0)261 (11.6)330 (11.5)320 (10.9)196 (6.7)2547 (12.9)?Zero1254 (87.5)1642 (79.5)2185 (81.1)2187 (87.0)1989 (88.4)2547 (88.5)2607 (89.1)2741 (93.3)17152 (87.1)Haemoglobin in Artwork initiation (g/dL)?Median (IQR)11.7 (10.2C13.1)11.5 (9.9C13.0)11.0 (9.9C13.0)11.6 (9.8C13.1)12.0 (10.0C13.0)13.0 (10.0C13.0)11.6 (10.0C13.1)11.9 (10.3C13.5)11.6 (10.1C13.2)Body mass index at ART initiation (kg/m2)?Median (IQR)21.3 (19.2C26.1)21.4 (18.6C25.3)21.5 (18.7C25.4)21.6 (18.7C25.7)21.8 (19.1C25.8)21.7 (18.9C26.0)22.6 (19.0C27.7)22.4 (19.2C27.5)21.9 (18.9C26.2)Vital status over 12-months of follow-up?Loss of life n (%)99 (6.9)166 (8.0)226 (8.4)220 (8.8)194 (8.6)252 (8.8)181 (6.2)87 (3.0)1425 (7.2)?Reduction to follow-up n (%)100 (7.0)184 (2.9)266 (9.9)273 (10.9)167 (7.4)324 (11.3)401 (13.7)514 (17.5)2229 (11.3)?Exchanges n (%)35 (2.4)42 (2.0)78 (2.9)106 (4.2)97 (4.3)117 (4.1)183 (6.3)163 (5.6)821 (4.2)?Alive n (%)1200 (83.7)1673 (81.0)2126 (78.9)1914 (76.2)1792 (79.6)2184 (75.9)2162 (73.9)2173 (74.0)15224 (77.3)Major outcome more than 12-months of follow-up?Single-drug substitution n (%)103 (7.2)234 (11.3)294 (10.9)330 (13.1)227 (10.1)321 (11.2)290 (9.9)165 (5.6)1964 (10.0)?Prices (per 100 pys.)8.3 (6.8C10.1)13.7 (12.0C15.5)13.4 (11.9C15.0)16.6 (14.9C18.5)12.6 (11.0C14.3)14.0 (12.5C15.6)12.7 (11.3C14.2)7.1 (6.1C8.2)12.4 (11.9C13.0) Open up in another window Artwork: antiretroviral therapy; IQR: interquartile range; WHO: Globe Health Corporation; pys: person-years. *Nucleotide analogue reverse-transcriptase inhibitor. **Nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitor. Despite the fact that the change was created by the center from stavudine-to tenofovir-based first-line Artwork this year 2010, a complete of 706 individuals initiated a stavudine-based routine and 164 individuals initiated a zidovudine-based routine after the EXT1 modification in the nationwide treatment.